Birds





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Vertebrates: Birds (Aves) 

 Characteristics ◦ Reproduction  internal fertilization  external development in amniotic egg ﻿ ◦ Hatchlings  //Altricial // – young hatch without feathers and are dependent on adults. ex) Red-tailed hawk    //Precocial // – young hatch fully feathered and follow mother; 10-15 eggs; ex) turkey Feathers & Food Large Variety of diets 

<span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Seeds, nectar, insects, small animals, carrion <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Beaks indicate diet  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Feather Types <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight – for flying <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Contour – covers bird body <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Down – used for insulation   <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Males are usually more brightly colored <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight Adaptations  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Feathers <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Extremely light (may have evolved from scales)  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">No teeth  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Hollow bones  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Sternum allows for attachment of powerful flight muscles  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight requires energy and efficiency <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Heartbeat pumps blood carrying oxygen to the muscles at 1000 beats/minute <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Air flow system is unidirectional, making it more efficient <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Bird Taxonomy <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Kingdom: Animalia

<span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Phylum: Chordata  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Subphylum: Vertebrata  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Class: Aves <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Bird Discussion  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">What are some unique features of birds?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">How are birds similar to reptiles?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">What adaptations are FIRST seen in birds?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">How do you think birds will vary from mammals?

<span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; textshadow: auto;">Vertebrates: Birds (Aves) <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Characteristics

<span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Reproduction  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">internal fertilization  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">external development in amniotic egg <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; textshadow: auto;">﻿ <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Hatchlings  //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Altricial //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"> – young hatch without feathers and are dependent on adults. ex) Red-tailed hawk    //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Precocial // <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">– young hatch fully feathered and follow mother; 10-15 eggs; ex) turkey <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Feathers & Food

 <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Large Variety of diets <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Seeds, nectar, insects, small animals, carrion <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Beaks indicate diet  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Feather Types <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight – for flying <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Contour – covers bird body <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Down – used for insulation  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Males are usually more brightly colored <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight Adaptations  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Feathers <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Extremely light (may have evolved from scales)  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">No teeth  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Hollow bones  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Sternum allows for attachment of powerful flight muscles  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Flight requires energy and efficiency <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Heartbeat pumps blood carrying oxygen to the muscles at 1000 beats/minute <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Air flow system is unidirectional, making it more efficient <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Bird Taxonomy

<span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">

 <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Kingdom: Animalia <span style="color: #fe8637; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">◦ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Phylum: Chordata  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Subphylum: Vertebrata  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Class: Aves <span style="color: #545e70; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Bird Discussion  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">What are some unique features of birds?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">How are birds similar to reptiles?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">What adaptations are FIRST seen in birds?  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gill Sans MT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">How do you think birds will vary from mammals?